A sun visor having an electro-luminescent film for illuminating a mirror

ABSTRACT

A sun visor assembly for an automotive vehicle has a sun visor panel and at least one lighting element flush mounted on the sun visor panel. The lighting element is an electroluminescent film electrically connected to a triggering device for energizing the electroluminescent film illuminating the sun visor panel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The invention relates to a lighting device.

[0003] 2. The Prior Art

[0004] Such a lighting device is known as a flexible, self-adhesive filmbrake light for motor vehicles according to DE 297 06 601 U1. Thisconsists of a thin flexible film which is intensely illuminative andreflective, can be attached in a self-adhesive manner to the rear orrear window of the motor vehicle, and is supplied via a transformer withvoltage through cable connections and connection to a brake light cable.A disadvantage in this respect is the rather low light intensity in suchfilms according to present prior art, which at present corners to about200 Candela/m², and the low durability of the films, so that failuresfrequently occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The object of the invention is now to provide a lighting elementin which the light intensity is considerably increased,, and whosestructure offers the greatest possible protection against mechanicaldamage.

[0006] The object of the invention is achieved by the lighting device,wherein the lighting element is disposed on a carrier film, which has onan upper side facing said carrier film a surface structure formingreflectors, or is provided with a reflective coating. The surprisingadvantage in this respect is that by means of using a carrier filmreducing the radiation losses an increased lighting intensity isachieved, so that the lighting element can be used also in those areaswhere specific minimal values do not permit the use of films known atpresent.

[0007] In other embodiments, the carrier film is in the form of avibration and/or shock-absorbing damping layer. Moreover it isadvantageous that the lighting element is immovably connected, i.e.thermally glued to the carrier layer, or the lighting element isattached to the carrier film, or the lighting element is connected tothe carrier film via an intermediate layer, e.g. an adhesive layer. Itis also possible for the carrier film to be roughly U-shaped, and toform a receiving means for the lighting element. The advantage of thesedesigns is that universal applicability of the lighting element isachieved by the low space requirements demanded by the overallstructure, so that bulky assembly channels, which are expensive to form,and which in addition in previous lighting systems must be easilyaccessible for servicing and changeover of defective lamps, etc., arenow eliminated. Such assembly channels also incur high costs inmanufacture and precise coordination of materials which are suitable fordeformation in order to provide such assembly channels. The inventionmay be used in a series of applications, e.g. for lighting and/orilluminating interior spaces, for formation of advertising messages,signs relating to danger points, emergency exit paths, without specificassembly measures. In this respect the flexibility of such lightingelements also plays a decisively positive part, as it is possible toattach them easily to spatially curved surfaces, and also to a highdegree damage is effectively avoided.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the film forming the lighting clement isformed with the carrier film as an integral injection-moulded part.Moreover it is advantageous that the injection-moulded part is formedfirm a plastics material composite of at least two electricallyconductive layers connected by an electrically non-conductive insulatinglayer. An advantage in this respect is that in this way high quality andreliable compact elements may be manufactured particularly economically,and the desired shape and size suitable for the respective example ofuse can be achieved without substantial restrictions. Compact elementsproduced in this way are particularly suitable for mass production, asis desirable nowadays for the large batch numbers required.

[0009] A further advantage of the lighting device is that there isdisposed on a surface of the film opposite the carrier film atransparent covering layer, e.g. a coloured film. An advantage in thisrespect is that in this way lighting fields, which emit lights ofdiffering colours for purposes of differentiation, such for example asrear light units for motor vehicles, can be combined to form extremelycompact units.

[0010] An advantageous design is characterised in that the coveringlayer is provided on one surface, preferably on a surface facing awayfirm the film with a surface structure, e.g. crystalline particles forscattering the traversing light, or the covering layer is structured onone surface, preferably on a surface facing the electroluminescent film,in a lens shape in order to focus traversing light beams. An advantagein this respect is that in his way, as required, in accordance with therespective purpose of use of the lighting element, the emitted lightbeams may be given a specific direction.

[0011] A further advantage of the lighting device is that the carrierfilm is disposed with the film and covering layer in a vibration- andshock-absorbing peripheral layer encompassing a front and rear surface.Moreover it is advantageous that a protective layer, particularly ofreversibly deformable plastic, is disposed on one surface of the film oron tile covering layer laid over it. It is of advantage that in this waythe lighting element can be used even at high-risk positions, e.g. inthe corner area of vehicles, etc., as these latter represent a how riskof damage.

[0012] In a fitter embodiment, light-guiding devices, e.g. reflectors,are disposed in the protective layer, so that a further substantialinfluence on the light beams is possible in accordance with therequirements in the respective envisaged use.

[0013] A advantageous design is characterised in that the covering layeris designed as a connecting layer for securing the lighting clement in acasing portion, e.g. in a portion of the bodywork of the vehicle,particularly of a motor vehicle, in which way, according to one designas described in claim 15, expensive assembly elements and constructivemeasures can be eliminated in its use.

[0014] A further advantage of the lighting device is that the lightingelement may be powered via the supply and/or triggering device bypulses, particularly by low-frequency voltage pulses. It is furtherpossible for the pulses to be formed from high-frequency pulses,particularly of a high-frequency alternating voltage. It is alsopossible for the frequency of the alternating voltage to be between 500and 50 kHz. An advantage in this respect is that on the one hand thelife duration of the lighting clement is thereby increased, in that thechemical decomposition process of tie elements is delayed by the phasedpulses, which affect the inorganic or organic particles in the film.Furthermore, the light intensity may be considerably increased thereby.

[0015] A development is also possible in which a plurality of lightingelements operated independently of one another are combined in onecasing portion, e.g. a portion of the bodywork of a vehicle, to form alighting device. It is further possible for the lighting device to beacted upon by supply and/or triggering devices which are operatedindependently of one another. An advantage in this respect is that awide field of application is achieved and possible designs awe afforded,enabling unrestricted design fur the lighting unit and thus also for theobjects on or in which these latter are lo be used.

[0016] It is further of advantage that the entire spectrum of thelighting elements necessary in or on a vehicle, which emit a permanentlight or a flashing light in corresponding environmental circumstances,is covered.

[0017] The disposition of such a lighting device with the lightingelement in or on rear-view mirrors for indicating intended alterationsin direction, i.e. as an additional signal flasher, is advantageouslyachieved in that these lighting elements require little space in theirincorporation and structure, and the necessary supply and/or triggeringdevices can be optionally integrated at any point on the vehicle, orwhen designed in a hybrid manner may be integrated directly in thelighting element without the necessity for cable guides. In such a caseonly supply from the energy source is necessary which, due to the lowenergy requirement of such lighting elements, cause only a small outlay.Due to the possibilities of shaping, such lighting elements are suitablefor outer surfaces of the casing of rear view mirrors, as they may beturned around end faces and thus flashing signals are clearly visible toboth approaching and following vehicles and even during an overtakingprocedure. Thus such, lighting elements can also make a considerablecontribution to increasing safety in traffic.

[0018] A further substantial advantage of all these advantageoussolutions resides in the low energy requirement for such lightingelements and also in the fact that, in comparison to previous lightingarrangements, they radiate almost no heat and therefore can be made ofless temperature-resistant materials without special ventilationmeasures or measures for heat removal. Due to this very considerableadvantage, such lighting elements are also suitable as backgroundillumination for instruments and instrument channels; here also the lowspace requirement plays a substantial part in their effective use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] For better understanding of the invention, it is described inmore detail with reference to the embodiments given by way of exampleand shown in the drawings. Shown are:

[0020]FIG. 1: the lighting device according to the invention in asimplified schematic view;

[0021]FIG. 2: an embodiment in the form of a vehicle of thelighting-device according to the invention in a simplified, schematicview;

[0022]FIG. 3: a further embodiment of the lighting device according tothe invention in a simplified, schematic view;

[0023]FIG. 4: another embodiment of the lighting device according to theinvention in a simplified, schematic view,

[0024]FIG. 5: an embodiment or the lighting device according to theinvention in a simplified, schematic view;

[0025]FIG. 6: a side view an embodiment of the lighting device accordingto the invention according to FIG. 5;

[0026]FIG. 7: a further embodiment of the lighting device according tothe invention in a simplified, schematic view;

[0027]FIG. 8: a pictorial illustration of a further embodiment of thelighting device according to the invention in a simplified view;

[0028]FIG. 9: a plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 8 incross-section and in a simplified, schematic view;

[0029]FIG. 10: a further pictorial view of a field of application of thelighting device according to the invention in a simplified, schematicview;

[0030]FIG. 11: a rear view of the embodiment according to FIG. 10 in asimplified, schematic view;

[0031]FIG. 12: a circuit diagram for control of the lighting deviceaccording to the invention, in a simplified, schematic view;

[0032]FIG. 13: a diagram of a signal configuration for triggering thelighting device according to the invention in a simplified, schematicview;

[0033]FIG. 14: a further embodiment of a construction of the lightingdevice according to the invention in a simplified, schematic view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0034] It should initially be stated that in the variously describedembodiments, identical parts have been provided with identical referencenumerals or identical component titles, the disclosures contained in theentire description being logically transferable to identical parts withidentical reference numerals or identical components titles. Inaddition, the details of position selected in the description, such forexample as top, bottom, lateral, etc. refer to the FIG. directlydescribed or illustrated, and upon an alteration in position are to belogically transferred to the new position Furthermore, individualfeatures from the various embodiments shown can represent independentsolutions according to the invention.

[0035] In FIG. 1, a lighting device 1 is shown inserted in a receivingmeans 2 of a casing portion 3. The lighting device 1 substantiallyconsists of a lighting element 4, which consists of an at leastdouble-layered electro-luminescent film 5 and is connected over theentire surface via an intermediate layer 6 to a carrier film 7. Thecarrier film 7 preferably encompasses the film 5 in the area of itssurrounding edge faces 8. On an upper side 9 facing the film 5, thecarrier film 7 has a surface structure which forms reflectors 10, whichreflect the light beams emerging from the film 5. Such reflection isalso to be achieved by a so-called reflective coating, as also with areflection coating 11, e.g. a mirror finish of the upper side 9. On asurface 12 opposite the upper side 9 of the carrier film 7 there isdisposed, preferably on the film 5, a transparent cover layer 13, e.g. aplastic film. This covering layer 13, depending on the light effectsrequired, can be provided on a surface 14, 15 facing, or facing awayfrom the film 5, with coatings for scattering or focusing the traversinglight beams. Such coatings can be provided with crystal particles, or asurface structure can be provided which forms a lens structure coveringthe entire surface. For further protection of the lighting element 4,there may preferably be disposed on a front surface 15 of the coveringlayer 13 a further protective layer 17, e.g. of transparent,break-resistant resiliently reversible plastic. In order to achievefurther light effects, there may preferably be provided in thisprotective layer 17 the optical elements, e.g. reflectors 18, etc.,influencing the light radiation. Furthermore, there may be providedbetween the carrier film 7, which is preferably formed from a vibration-and shock-absorbing plastic, and the casing portion 3, as shown in FIG.1, a cover layer 19 as a connecting layer 20 simplifying assembly andabsorbing deformation forces, and which for example consists of aself-adhesive permanently elastic plastic material. Via contactterminals 21, 22, the layers of the film 5 arc contacted with cables 23,24, which further lead to a supply and/or triggering device 25, whicharc connected to a power source 26.

[0036] The lighting element 4 comprising film 5 and carrier film 7 hasin all a thickness 27 of only a few millimeters. Thus there results forincorporation of such a lighting device, a depth 28 in the range between5 and 20, preferably about 10 mm, so that said lighting device 1 may beused in a versatile manner and requires no outlay in assembly terms. Itis also possible rapidly to interchange the entire lighting device 1,although this, due to the robustness and long-life duration of theindividual elements, is not normally necessary during the period of useof an appliance, particularly a vehicle. The lighting device 1 withlighting element 4 is therefore usable in many ways, and may be operatedwith a low energy requirement. A long life duration and increased lightintensity arc achieved by special circuitry measures, as will bedescribed later.

[0037]FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the lighting device 1. For thispurpose a plurality of the lighting elements 4 described above arcdisposed on a rear portion 29 of a vehicle 30.

[0038] In this respect the lighting elements 4 may have different shapesfor the most varied purposes of use on the vehicle 30, i.e. for examplewhen the lighting element 4 is used for a flashing device 31, thelighting element 4 is designed in the form of arrows. In this respect itis possible when the lighting element 4 is used for a brake light 32,for the latter to be designed in a rectangular form as known from priorart with normal lamp-operated brake lights 32, and can be disposed overa large area on the rear portion 29 of the vehicle 30.

[0039] Due to the simplicity of working the lighting device 1, it is nowpossible for additional brake lights 33 to be disposed on the frame 34of the vehicle chassis 35, particularly in the case of a truck. As anyoptional shape may be produced for such a lighting device 1, so that anadditional lighting device 1 can be positioned for a further brake light33 on the frame 34 of the vehicle chassis 35, without great expense onthe vehicle chassis 35, particularly on the frame 34, without thenecessity for undertaking special structures on the roof 36 of thevehicle 30 as with prior art, i.e. by designing the additional brakelights 33, the lighting device 1 is produced in a longitudinaldirection, so that a correspondingly large surface on the vehiclestructure 35, particularly on the frame 34 can be utilised, without, asis known from prior art, the necessity of using the vehicle doors 37, 38or a roof structure. If a lighting device 1 were disposed on one of thetwo vehicle doors 37, 38, then a high outlay would be incurred for powersupply to the lighting device 1, in order to avoid faults at the pointsof contact. Naturally it is possible for the lighting device 1 to bedisposed also on the vehicle doors 37, 38 as a symbol or an additionallighting device.

[0040] It is further possible to use the lighting device 1, particularlythe lighting element 4 as a reversing light 39. In this respect as shownfor example on the vehicle 30, it is possible for the reversing lights39 to be circular in shape.

[0041] Due to the various arrangements and fields of application of thelighting elements 4, it is possible for such elements 4, simply or inpart, to emit different colour signals, as is known from prior art. Forexample it is possible in this case for the flasher device 31 to emit ayellow light in the form of flashing signals, whilst the brake lights32, 33 emit a red light and the reversing lights 39 give out a whitelight. It is also possible for the vehicle 30, as is prescribed by law,to be fitted with a rear lamp 40 in the form of the lighting device 1,so that during night journeys this rear Light, with projectors disposedon the base, emits a permanent red light.

[0042] It is also possible, for example, also to dispose lightingdevices 1, particularly the lighting elements 4 on the rear-view mirrors41, 42 of the vehicle 30, so that the legally prescribed lateralflashing lights can be omitted.

[0043] The advantage of using the lighting device 1, particularly thelighting elements 4 for illuminating the vehicle 30 resides in the factthat due to the thin layered structure of the lighting element 4, thesecan be attached to smooth surfaces of the vehicle 30, or only smallhollowed portions need be provided on the bodywork portions, so thatcost-effective manufacture of the vehicle 30 is guaranteed. It is alsopossible, due to the thin design of the lighting elements 4, toretro-fit the vehicles 30 in a cost-effective mariner and in a simpleform with additional lights. A further advantage resides in the factthat due to the flexible design of the lighting device 1, said lightingdevice 1 is not destroyed upon contact with other articles, but that itadapts to the deformation of the bodywork parts, so that the lightingdevice 1 will not break or require to be replaced when the bodyworkparts revert to their original shape.

[0044] It is naturally possible, due to the simplicity of working thelighting device 1, to mount advertising messages or specially designedinformative text on the vehicle 30. In this respect it is for examplepossible, when such a lighting device 1 is used on a school bus, thatthe latter can activate the lighting device 1 at a bus stop, so that aprint sequence appears at the rear of the vehicle, for example with“Danger! Children”, so that a considerable advance in traffic safety onthe roads is achieved.

[0045] Power supply to the individual lighting devices 1 is carried outas in lighting systems knows in prior art, from the energy sourcedisposed in the vehicle 30, particularly the battery or light generator;in order to convert the poser supplied, a control appliance can beprovided before each lighting device 1, or an individual controlappliance call be provided for all the lighting devices.

[0046] A further advantage in the use of such a lighting element 4resides in the fact that due to the thin layered construction, thelighting device can be adapted to the most varied spatially curvedshapes of the vehicle 30.

[0047]FIG. 3 to 7 show embodiments of the use of such a lighting device1 in different designs.

[0048] The embodiments shown in FIG. 3 to 7 relate to an application ofthe lighting device 1 in an inner space of the vehicle 30. For thispurpose, a sun-shade 43 with a mirror 44 disposed thereon is shown inFIG. 3 to 7.

[0049] As can now be seen in FIG. 3, on either side of the mirror 44flanking its lateral edges in the longitudinal direction is a respectivelighting device 1, particularly the lighting element 4.

[0050] The function of the lighting device 1 or of the lighting element4 in relation to the mirror 44 in the sun-shade 43 resides in the factthat, when the sun-shade 43 is swung down, the lighting device 1 isautomatically activated, i.e. by means of swinging down the sun-shade 43a power supply is effected to the lighting device 1, so that thelighting element 4 begins to shine.

[0051] The advantage of such an arrangement resides in the fact that thelighting device 1 radiates directly into the inner space of the vehicle30 or into the face of the user, so that the user can recognise himselfin the mirror. A further advantage of use of the lighting device 1 withrespect to the mirror 44 in the sun-shade 43 resides in the fact that,due to the flat construction of the lighting element 4, no specialmeasures or designs need be present in the sun-shade 43, but that themirror 44 and the lighting elements 4 can be simply secured on a surface45. The mirror 44 and the lighting device 1 or lighting element 4 mayfor example be attached by simple gluing.

[0052] A further arrangement of the lighting element 4 is shown indotted lines in FIG. 3. In this case the lighting elements 4 aredisposed an the front face of the mirror 44. Naturally it is possiblefor the lighting elements 4 to be disposed both in the longitudinaldirection of the lateral edge of the mirror 44 and in the region of theend surface of the mirror 44.

[0053]FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the sun-shade 43. In thisembodiment at least one lighting device 1, i.e. the lighting element 4,is disposed on hie periphery of the mirror 44. It can be seen from thisembodiment that both individual struts and also circular or rectangulardesigns of the lighting element 4 can be provided with such a lightingdevice 1.

[0054]FIG. 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of the sun-shade 43. Inthis embodiment the mirror 44 is disposed in a recess 46 of thesun-shade 43. This embodiment also has a flap 47, by means of which themirror 44 can be covered. The flap 47 may for example be opened throughan angle of 135°, and is connected by a joint arrangement 48 to thesun-shade 43, so that by swinging up the flat 47, the mirror 44 becomesvisible. In this respect it is possible for the flap 47 to be fixed whenopen by a blocking device. So that the mirror 44 or the inner space canbe illuminated, the lighting device 1, particularly the light element 4,is disposed on an inner side 49 of the flap 47.

[0055] In this embodiment the power supply to the lighting device 1 isactivated only after the flap 47 has been swung upwards, i.e. when thesun-shade 43 is swung down, the power supply for the lighting device 1is not activated, but only when the flap 47 is open. This is ofadvantage in that in this way, when the mirror 44 is not required, yetwhile still providing a corresponding shade from the sun, the sun-shade43 can be swung down into the interior space of the vehicle, without thelighting device 1 being supplied with power.

[0056] A situation is further achieved in which, due to the inner side49 of the flap 47, which has at least one lighting element 4 forcovering the mirror 44, the emerging light illuminates the mirror 44 andthe interior of the vehicle in the position of use of the sun-shade 43.For this purpose the lighting element 4, when the flap 47 is opened atan angle, is fixed by the blocking device at an angle of about 135° C.between a plane accommodating the sun-shade 43 and a plane accommodatingthe flap, and in this position of the lighting element 4 is directedtowards the interior of the vehicle.

[0057]FIG. 7 shows a further field of application of the lighting device1, particularly the lighting element 4. In this embodiment the lightingdevice 1, particularly the lighting element 4, is used for a symbolicrepresentation in the interior of the vehicle, such as a pictogram,symbol, advertising sign, print image etc.

[0058] In this respect it is possible for the lighting element 4 to havethe most varied shapes. In the embodiment shown the lighting clement 4has a circular cutout 50, a cross-piece 51 being disposed in the innerspace of the circular cut-out 50. In addition it is possible fordrawings or any representations to be disposed in the background. Inthis respect it is for example possible that in using such a design ofthe lighting device 1, a cigarette is disposed in the inner space, sothat due to the symbolic representation of the circle with across-stripe the passengers or the driver are informed that smoking isforbidden in the automobile. Naturally it is possible for any symbolicrepresentation to be executed with such a lighting device 1 or with thelighting element 4. It is also possible to dispose specific printsequences in the interior of the vehicle or externally on the bodyworkof the vehicle 30.

[0059] The field of application of such a lighting device, particularlyof the lighting element 4, can be diverse with respect to a vehicle. Forexample it is possible to use the lighting device to illuminate anash-tray, electrical window raises or switches, etc. It is also possibleto dispose the lighting element 4 on a portion of the firmer lining,e.g. the roof, on the end face casing portion 3 of a door, on doorthresholds, or as emergency exit signs in the gangway area of a vehicle30.

[0060] When the lighting element 4 is incorporated in the interior ofthe vehicle 30, particularly in the sun-shade 43, it is advantageous forthe lighting element 4 or the film 5, when it is not supplied withpower, to be flesh-coloured, as in this way it is not recognisable by aperson. It is further possible by using a special switch to supply thesun-shade 43 with power upon even slight opening of the flap 47 or ofthe sun-shade 43, so that in this way the basic colour of the lightingelement 4 cannot be recognised, and thus special colour filters for thelighting element 4 are omitted.

[0061]FIG. 8 and 9 show an embodiment of an arrangement of a lightingdevice 1 for an external mirror 52 of a vehicle 30.

[0062] In the embodiment shown, the lighting device 1 is used as aflashing device 31, i.e. by providing the lighting device 1 with power aflashing light is emitted by the lighting element 4.

[0063] For this purpose, in the external mirror 52 shown, the lightingdevice 1 or the lighting element 4 is disposed in a casing 53, the userof the vehicle not being hindered upon activation of this lightingdevice 1 in the external minor 52, i.e. the user of the vehicle 30,glancing in the external mirror 52, has available the entire mirrorsurface 54 for monitoring the traffic.

[0064] In order to achieve this, a special constriction of the externalmirror 42 is necessary. This is produced by forming a layered structureof a plurality of layers to result in a mirror device 55. For thispurpose the outermost layer of the mirror device 55 is formed by acommercially available glass 56 or transparent film or plastic layer, amirror layer 58, consisting of chromium, being applied to a side lyingopposite the line of sight on a surface 57 of the glass 56. By means ofthis mirror layer 58 a situation is achieved in which, when one looksinto the, glass 56 on the side lying opposite the mirror layer 56, theimpinging light is mirrored on the mirror layer 58, so that inaccordance with the angle of incidence of the eye of the user,corresponding image is shown on this mirror layer 58.

[0065] In the area in which the lighting device 1, particularly thelighting element 4 is to be disposed, the mirror layer 58 is etched out,as shown by a free space 59. As the lighting element 4 is in the form ofan arrow 60, only a partial section of Us free space 59 is visible inFIG. 9. The shape of the lighting element 4 in the form of an arrow 60has been selected in that the lighting device 4 is to be used as alashing light for turning in a specific direction of the vehicle 30, sothat the vehicles following the vehicle 30 or the vehicles lateralthereto can recognise the turning direction or flashing direction of thevehicle 30.

[0066] So that a reflection of the impinging light is provided also inthe free space 59, in which no minor layer 58 is applied, a dichroiclayer 61 is disposed on the mirror layer 58, so that by applying anarticle, particularly of the lighting device 1 in the region of the freespace 59 a mirroring results, i.e. by means of the dichroic layer 61 asituation is achieved in which the otherwise blind point or the minordevice 55 is improved in such a way that by the application of alighting device 1 or of another article behind the dichroic layer 61,i.e. by darkening the free space 59, a mirror image is provided, so thatno blind points result on the mirror surface 54.

[0067] So that the user of the vehicle is not distracted by the lightelement 4 disposed on the external mirror 52, a deflecting layer 62 isdisposed on the dichroic layer 61. The deflecting layer 62 has thepurpose of deflecting the light omitted by the lighting device 1 in theopposite direction to the user of the vehicle, so that the user cannotrecognise the flashing light in the external mirror 52, i.e. by means ofactivating the lighting device 1, particularly the lighting element 4,the emitted light beams 63 are deflected via the deflecting layer 62 atan angle 64 of about 30° in the opposite direction to the user of thevehicle, so that the vehicles 30 travelling behind the vehicle 30however can recognise the light source in the external mirror 52,without the driver of the vehicle or the user of this light source beinghindered thereby.

[0068] In order now that a light signal or the light beams 63 can beomitted, the lighting device 1 or the lighting element 4 is disposed onthis deflecting layer 62. Le lighting element 4 or the lighting device 1must in this case be disposed on the deflecting layer 62 in such a waythat the etched-out free spaces 59, provided by etching out in themirror layer 58, are covered, so that due to the dichroic layer 61,darkening of these free spaces 59 is provided and thus a mirror image isachieved on the entire surface of the mirror device 55.

[0069] In this respect it is for example possible that the lightingelement 4 need not be designed in accordance with the arrow 60 shows butthat the lighting clement 4 may be disposed over the entire or partsurface of the overall deflector layer 62, the light beams 63 being ableto penetrate outwards through the mirror device 55 only in the area ofthe free space 59. This is of advantage in that in this way by simpleexchange of the layered structure, particularly of the glass 56, withthe most varied layers lying behind, various symbols can be shown or canbe interchanged on the external mirror.

[0070] An advantage of such a construction resides in the fact that bymeans of such an arrangement on the vehicle 30 the lateral legallyprescribed flashing lights can be omitted and thus the appearance of thevehicle 30 can be improved. A further advantage resides in the fact thatby using lighting device 1 on the external mirror 52, the thickness 65thereof can be kept very small, and thus costs or material can be savedin constructing the external mirror 52.

[0071]FIG. 10 and 11 show a further embodiment of an arrangement of thelighting device 1 with respect to the external mirror, in particular arear-view mirror of a vehicle 30.

[0072] In the embodiment shown, the lighting device 1, particularly thelighting element 4, is now disposed over at least a partial area of theexternal surface of the casing 53, the lighting element 4 for thispurpose being preferably disposed on and face 67 facing away from aretaining device 66 for the vehicle 30. In this case the lightingelement 4 extends from the end face 67 to an adjacent rear surface 68which is disposed opposite the mirror device 55. Thus the lightingelement 4 is secured to an outer side 69 of the casing 53, so thatapproaching vehicles can recognise the emitted light beams 63 when thelighting device 11 is actuated.

[0073] It is further possible to insert the lighting element 4 in arecess 70 in the casing 53, the recess tapering in the direction of theface edge 67, so that emergence of the lighting device 1 from the recess70 is ensured in the area of the end faces 67.

[0074] It can now be said that the recess 70 for the lighting element 4is disposed in the rear surface 68 of the external mirror 52, saidrecess preferably being in a flared shape on the end surface 67, andthat the lighting element 4 projects over the end face 67 by athickness, particularly by a thickness of the film forming the lightingelement 4.

[0075] This is of advantage in that in this way those vehicles 30 whicharc passing the external mirror 52 laterally, can recognise a small area71 in the region of the end edges 67, so that it is ensured tat evenpassing vehicles 30 can perceive this when the lighting device 1 isactivated.

[0076] In addition, in this way a situation is achieved in which bymeans of emergence of the lighting device 1 from the recess 70 in theexternal mirror 52 when the vehicle 30 is overtaken or passed and thelighting device 1 is activated, the overtaking vehicle 30 can firstlyrecognise a narrow-strip in the region of the end face 67, however asthe distance reduces, the area 71 for recognition of the lighting device1 is increased for the passing vehicle 30, particularly the driver of avehicle 30, so that the lighting device 1 is prevented from beingoverlooked when it is activated. Thus it is possible in such anembodiment in turn to use the lighting device 1 as a flashing device 31,so that the lamps located laterally on the vehicle 30 can be omitted,

[0077] Naturally it is possible for the lighting device 1 to bedisposed, not over a partial area of the outer surface 69 of theexternal mirror 52, but that the entire outer surface 69 of the casing53 is formed by such a lighting device 1.

[0078]FIG. 12 and 13 show an embodiment for control of the lightingdevice 1, as shown in the FIG. 1 to 1 1 previously described. For thispurpose FIG. 12 shows a schematic circuit diagram, whereas in FIG. 13there can be seen a diagram showing the power supply for the lightingdevice 1. Basically it should be mentioned that in the embodiment showna triggering system for the flashing device 31 is shown. Naturally it ispossible for such a triggering to be used also for continuous use.

[0079] The circuit diagram shown has a power source 73 for supplying acontrol device 72. The power source 73 may for example be formed from adirect current source, particularly a battery, or by an alternatingcurrent source. In this respect it should be mentioned that when analternating current source is used, the known rectifying methods forconverting the alternating power source into a direct current powersource familiar to a person skilled in the art and known from prior artcan be used, so that supply of the liming device 1 in turn is effectedby a direct current.

[0080] In order that the lighting device 1 may be supplied with power,two cables 74, 75 are connected to the power source 73, the cable 74being used for positive potential and the cable 75 for negativepotential. It is possible to dispose a support condenser 76 parallel tothe power source 73 and between the two cables 74, 75.

[0081] The cables 74, 75 are then corrected to a converter device 77.The converter device 77 has the purpose of converting the directcurrent, i.e. that the direct current supplied from the power source 73is converted by the converter device 77 to a corresponding voltagelevel. It is for example possible to use a transformer as a converterdevice 77. If a transformer is used as a convener device 77, the personskilled in the art, as is already known from prior art, must first formfrom the direct current supplied from the power source 73 an alternatingvoltage, as is possible for example by means of a fill bridge or byoscillators or generators, so that a transfer of the supplied power viathe transformer is possible. Then the alternating source formed can bereconverted into a direct surreal. Naturally it is possible for anyoptional form of converter device 77 to be used for converting the powerfrom the power source 73.

[0082] Connected to the output of the converter device 77 arc supplylines 78, 79 for supplying a consumer 80. The consumer 80 is now formedby the lighting device 1, particularly by the lighting element 4.

[0083] So that the consumer 80 is now supplied with power and thusbegins to illuminate, a plurality of switching devices 81 to 83 areincorporated between the converter device 77 for the positive potentialin the supply line 78. The switching devices 81 to 83 can for example beformed by transistors. It is naturally possible to use any optional formof switch device, for example a switch, a relay or the like. The switchdevices 81 to 83 are incorporated in series with the supply line 78,i.e. an interruption to the supply line 78 results when the switchdevice 81 to 83 is not activated, so that an interruption in the energysupply to the consumer 80, particularly to the lighting device 1,occurs.

[0084] The individual switch devices 81 to 83 are initiated viagenerators, particularly frequency generators. Thus the switch device81, which is incorporated in series with the converter device 77, istriggered via high frequency generator 84. By means of triggering theswitching device 81 via a high frequency generator 84 a situation isachieved in which the direct current supplied from the converter device77 is chopped up in accordance with the set frequency at the highfrequency generator 84, as is pictorially shown at the output 85 of theswitch device 81, and thus forms a high frequency alternating current.Thus it is possible for the high frequency generator 84 to have afrequency range between 500 and 50 kHz, i.e. that due to the frequencyof for example 10 kHz set at the high frequency generator 84, a highfrequency voltage is generated at the output 85 of the switch device 81with a corresponding frequency of 10 kHz.

[0085] Connecting with the switch device 81 is the further switch device82, again incorporated in series in the supply line 78. The switchdevice 82 is again triggered via a frequency generator, however in thiscase by a low frequency generator 86, i.e. again a low frequency signalis generated at an output 85 of the switch device 82. The frequency ofthe low frequency generator 86 can be between 10 and 50 Hz, so that acorresponding low frequency signal, L shown pictorially at the output87, is generated.

[0086] It is further possible for a further switching device 83 inseries with the switching devices 81, 82 described above, particularlywith the switch device 82, is incorporated in series with the supplyline 78. The switch device 83 is in turn triggered by a low frequencygenerator 88, this latter being capable of having a frequency between 0and 10 Hz. By means of this switching device 83 a low Frequency signal,as shown pictorially at an output 89 of the switch device 83, is formed.

[0087] In connection with the switch device 83, the consumer 80 isconnected between the two supply lines 78, 79, so that parallelincorporation of the consumer 80 to the converter device 77 is provided.Due to the various signal shapes as formed by the individual switchdevices 81 to 83, it is now possible for the lighting device 1,particularly the consumer 80 to be supplied with power from theconverter device 77. In order however that the consumer 80, inparticular the lighting element 4, is supplied with power, all theswitch devices 81 to 83 must be activated at the same time, so that acircuit can be formed between the supply line 78, the consumer 80 andthe supply line 79. The functional sequence for such a control device 72can he effected for example as described below.

[0088] After the control device 72 has been activated, i.e. the powersource 73 has been activated, a control signal is sent to the individualgenerators, particularly in the high frequency generator 84 and the twolow frequency generators 86, 88 via lines 91 to 93, by a control device90, which for example corresponds to an on-board computer of the vehicle30. By means of the control signals the individual generators are nowactivated, i.e. they trigger the individual switch devices 81 to 83 atthe corresponding frequency which can be previously set for eachindividual generator. This is visible at point in time 94 in FIG. 13.

[0089] At point in time 94, i.e. upon activation of the control device72, all the switch devices 81 to 83 are activated, so that a circuit canbe built up via the supply line 78 to the supply line 79 and thus theconsumer 80 is supplied with power. Due to this circuit, the lightingdevice 4 now begins to illuminate.

[0090] As however the individual ,witch devices 81 to 83 are triggeredat different frequencies, triggering of the lighting element 4 by acombination of the individual pulses as schematically shown in FIG. 12and visible by various lines in the diagrams, i.e. by means ofactivation of a switch device 83 at a set frequency of for example 1 Hz,the switch device 83 is activated over a period of time 95, so that acurrent flow is possible from output 87 of the switch device 82 to theoutput 89 of the switch device 83 over this period of time 95.

[0091] As however the switch device 82 is activated at a differentfrequency from the switch device 83, during the period of time 95 aplurality of the pulses 96, shown in dotted lines, and corresponding tothe switch device 82 are formed. These pulses 96 have a different periodof time 97 compared to the period of time 95, i.e. by means of theindividual pulses 96 pulsed operation of the lighting device 1 is formedwithin the period of time 95 of the switch device 83. As however theswitch device 81 is disposed between the converter device 77 and theswitch device 82, the consumer 80 cannot be supplied with power when theswitch device 81 is deactivated. Due to the high frequency triggering ofswitch device 81, now, as shown symbolically in FIG. 12, a highfrequency voltage is generated at the output 85, so that the supply ofconsumer 80 basically occurs via the high frequency voltage, thishowever supplying the consumer 80 with power only in those points oftime at which all the switch devices 81 to 83 are activated, i.e. nowthe high frequency voltage is applied at consumer 80 when the switchdevice 82 forms a pulse 96 over the period of time 97 and simultaneouslythe switch device 83 is activated over the period of time 95. By meansof such a control method, the individual pulses 96 are formed with highfrequency pulses 98 from the switch device 81, i.e. these over theperiod of tie 97, containing the pulses 96, contain the high frequencypulses 98, and thus forms a combination of the individual Frequencies ofthe most varied control devices 81 to 83 providing power to the consumer80.

[0092] It should be mentioned in this respect that it is naturallypossible for the generators, particularly the high frequency generator84 and the two low frequency generators 86, 88 to be differently set viathe control appliance 90, i.e. via the control lines 91 to 93 acorresponding signal is transmitted, so that on the basis of this signalthe individual generators are set. As is shown by the design for theflashing device 31 illustrated in FIG. 12 and 13, after expire of theperiod of time 95 the switch device 83 is deactivated over a period oftime 99. Because the switch device 83 is deactivated, supply of power tothe consumer 80 from the converter device 77 is no longer possible, sothat the lighting clement 4 is likewise deactivated, i.e. the lightingelement 4 no longer illuminates.

[0093] Within the period of time 99, however, both switch devices 81, 82are further triggered by the generators, particularly by the highfrequency generator 84 and the low frequency generator 86, so that thesignals shown symbolically are formed; due to the deactivation of switchdevice 83, however, these cannot be applied to the consumer 80.

[0094] After the time period 99 has expired, switch device 83 is thenactivated by the low frequency generator 88, so that a current flow cantake place via the switch device 83, as visible at time point 100 in thediagram in FIG. 13. By means of activation of switch device 83 over thetime period 95, the individual switch devices 81 to 83 are applied incombination with the different frequencies to the consumer 80,particularly to the lighting element 4, so that this latter can begin toilluminate over the time period 95.

[0095] As a frequency of e.g. 1 Hz is set in the low frequency generator88, it can now be stated that the lighting device 1 begins to flash at arhythm of 1 Hz. Naturally it is possible, by setting the low frequencygenerator 88 for example at 0 Hz, thus to set a continuousinterconnection or tire switch device 83, so that continuous operationof lighting device 1 can take place. In continuous operation, thelighting element 4 is triggered by a pulse 96 formed by the lowfrequency generator 86 with the time period 97. Thus for example it ispossible for the low frequency generator 96 to have a frequency of 20Hz. This frequency has proved advantageous as due to the inertia of thelighting element 4 and the corresponding frequency of e.g. flickering atthe lighting device 1 is not perceptible by the eye of a person, so thata constant illumination of the lighting device 1 is provided over thelime period during which the switch device 83 is closed.

[0096] Naturally it is possible with such a control device 72 thatdifferent time durations for triggering the switch device 81 to 83 canbe set in operation, i.e. for example upon first activation of theswitch device 83, the duration 95 for example comes to 1 second, andafter deactivation of the switch device 83 the duration 99 can come to 2seconds and then upon frequent activation of the switch device 83 thetime period 95 can come to 3 seconds.

[0097] The advantage of such triggering resides in the fact that, due tothe low frequency supply of the consumer 80, particularly the lightingdevice 1, mi a frequency rhythm of the switch device 82 a longer lifeduration is achieved for the lighting element 4, as this is notcontinuously supplied with power, but after expire of the period 97 arest phase is provided for the lighting element 4.

[0098] Naturally it is possible to use any other optional embodiment ofa control device 72 for triggering the consumer 80, particularly thelighting device 1, as is known from prior art. For this purpose it isfor example possible to control triggering via a microprocessor circuitwith corresponding amplifiers to supply the lighting device 1. It isalso possible, instead of a plurality of switch devices 81 to 83, to useonly one switch device, i.e. the switch device 81, so that continuoussupply of the consumer 80 with the high frequency voltage, i.e. with thehigh frequency pulses 98 can be carried out.

[0099]FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a construction of a lightingdevice 1.

[0100] In this case the construction has a frame 101 surrounding thelighting element 4. The frame 101 can for example be formed by plasticor aluminum, this frame 101 being preferably in a U-shape. It is nowpossible within the frame 101 to dispose on the light-emitting side 102a glass 103 or a transparent film, which can be either smooth orstructured. Naturally it is possible to use a prismatic film in order toobtain a better light intensity of the lighting device 1.

[0101] There is then disposed on the glass 103 on the side of the glass103 facing away from the light-emitting side 112, the lighting element 4with the known layers constructed as in the FIG. 1 to 13 previouslydescribed. In order now that the lighting element 4 is pressed againstthe glass 103 or against the film, a pressure plate 104 can be disposedbehind the lighting element 4. It is also possible to apply a reflectivelayer, in particular a chromium layer to the pressure plate 104, so thata reflection of the light beams 63 emitted with respect to thelight-emitting side 102 can be reflected in such a way that they in turnare deflected in the direction of the light-emitting side 102, so thateven better emission and light intensity of the lighting element 4 isachieved.

[0102] Connecting with the pressure plate 104 it is now possible todispose the switch device 72 in a compact fashion. For this purpose theswitch device 72 has a printed circuit board 105 with the components 106located on said printed circuit board 105. The control device 72, whichis disposed on the side of the pressure plate 104 opposite thelight-emitting side 102, corresponds to the construction of the switchdevice 72 as described in FIG. 12. Naturally it is possible to provideany other optional circuit construction.

[0103] It has proved advantageous, when the switch device 72 is usedwith respect to the lighting element 4, to construct it in a hybridfashion or to have the individual components constructed as thinly aspossible, so that a low thickness 107 is achieved for the frame 110 orfor the lighting device 1 produced in a compact manner. In this respectit is for example also possible for the converter device 75, when atransformer is used, to be produced in the form of planar transformers.

[0104] In order now that the individual structures and layers aresecurely positioned in the frame 101, a resilient member 108 as knownfrom prior art can be used between the U-shaped frame 101 and theprinted circuit board 105. By means of this resilient member 108, theindividual layers are pressed in the direction or the light-emittingside 102, avoiding the occurrence of cavities between the individuallayers of the lighting device 1.

[0105] The advantage of such a structure of the lighting device 1 nowresides in the fact that due to the compact construction and lowthickness 107, the lighting device 1 may be used at any optional pointon the vehicle or in those areas wherever anything has to beilluminated. For this purpose it is merely necessary for the compactlighting device 1 to be connected by cables to a power source, so thatno additional appliances and structures are necessary for controllingthe lighting device 1. Furthermore it is possible, in order better tofix the lighting deuce on an object, to provide a cover plate 109. Thiscover plate is secured on the side opposite the light-emitting side 102on the frame 101 of the lighting device 1. By means of this cover plateit is now possible to make the lighting device 1 watertight, so that thelighting device 1 may be used in the open air. A further advantageresults from the use of a cover plate 109, as in this way a flat surfaceis provided, so that simple attachment of the lighting device 1 ispossible.

[0106] Naturally it is possible to design the frame 101, the cover plate109 and the layers located in the frame 101 as flexible, so that thelighting device 1 may be attached to any optional shape. It is flierpossible to produce such a compact construction of the lighting device 1without the control device 72, in this case the resilient member 108 notbeing provided on the printed circuit board 106, but on the pressureplate 104, so that a considerably thinner construction is achieved.

[0107] It is further possible to have the supply and/or triggeringdevice 25 designed as a semiconductor component and to locate it on thelighting element 4 and/ or carrier film 7. Naturally it is also possiblefor the supply and/or triggering device 25 to have an interval switchfor triggering the lighting element 4.

[0108] It is further possible to have the lighting device, in particularthe lighting element 4, triggered by the supply and/or triggering device25 in different ways for day and night operation, i.e. the lightintensity of the lighting device 1 is altered for day and nightoperation, the light intensity being increased in this respect for dayoperation so that easier or better recognition of the illuminatedlighting element 4 is achieved.

[0109] As a matter of order it should be pointed out that, in thedrawings, individual components and component groups are shown out ofproportion and distorted in scale for better understanding of theinvention.

[0110] In addition, individual features of the individual embodimentsmay form, with other individual feature of other embodiments, orrespectively on their own, the subject-matter of independent inventions.

[0111] Above all, the individual constructions in FIG. 1; 2; 3 to 7; 8,9; 1 0, 1 1; 12, 13; and 14 can form the subject- matter of independentsolutions according to the invention. The object and solutions accordingto the invention in this respect are to be seen in the detaileddescriptions of these FIG.

What is claimed is:
 1. Lighting device or signal device particularly for vehicles; a) with a lighting element comprising at least one film disposed in areas on a surface and electro-luminescent, consisting of at least two layers; b) with a supply and/or triggering device which is connected by cables to a power supply and the layers of the film; c) in that the lighting element is disposed on a carrier film, which has on the upper side facing it a surface structure forming reflectors, or is provided with a reflective coating.
 2. Lighting device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the carrier film is in the form of a vibration- and/or shock-absorbing damping layer.
 3. Lighting device according to claim 1 or 2 , characterised in that the lighting clement is connected immobile to the camera layer, i.e. is thermally glued.
 4. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is applied to the carrier film.
 5. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting clement is connected to the carrier film via an intermediate layer, e.g. an adhesive layer.
 6. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier film is roughly U-shaped and forms a receiving means for the lighting element.
 7. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the film forming the lighting element is designed with the carrier film as an integral injection-moulded part.
 8. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the injection moulded part is formed of a plastic-material composite comprising at least two electrically conductive layers connected by an electrically nonconductive insulating layer.
 9. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that on a surface of the film opposite the carrier film there is disposed a transparent cover layer, e.g. coloured film.
 10. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cover layer is provided on a surface, preferably on a surface facing away from the film, with a surface structure, e.g. crystal particles for scattering the impinging light.
 11. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cover layer, on one surface, preferably on a surface racing the electroluminescent film, is structured in a lens shape for focusing traversing light beams.
 12. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier film is disposed with the film and cover layer in a vibration- and shock-absorbing covering layer comprising a front and rear surface.
 13. Light device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that there is disposed on one surface of the film, or of the cover layer placed in front of it, a protective layer, in peculiar of reversibly deformable plastic.
 14. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that light-guiding arrangements, e.g. reflectors, are disposed in the protective layer.
 15. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cover layer is designed as a connecting layer for securing the lighting element in a casing portion, e.g. in an portion of the bodywork of a vehicle, particularly of a motor vehicle.
 16. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that supply of the lighting element is effected via the supply and/or triggering device by pulses, particularly by low-frequency voltage pulses.
 17. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims characterised in that the pulses are formed from high-frequency pulses, in particular a high-frequency alternating voltage.
 18. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the frequency of the alternating voltage is between 500 and 50 kHz.
 19. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of lighting elements, operated independently of one another, are combined to form a lighting device in a casing portion, e.g. a portion of the bodywork of a vehicle.
 20. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting device is acted upon by supply and/or triggering devices operated independently of one another.
 21. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed on an inner lining portion, e.g. the inner roof of a vehicle.
 22. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed on a front casing portion of a door of a vehicle.
 23. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed surrounding another, e.g. a mirror located in a sun-shade, flanking two side edges thereof or four side edges thereof.
 24. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one lighting clement connects with one of the edge areas of the mirror, or forms it.
 25. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that there is disposed on one inner side of a flap for covering the mirror at least one lighting clement in such a way that the emergent light is received by the mirror and the interior of the vehicle, when the sun-shade is in the position of use.
 26. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that, when the flap is opened at an angle of about 135°, a blocking device fixes the lighting element between a plane accommodating the sun-shade and a plane accommodating the flap, and in this position the lighting element is directed towards the interior of a vehicle.
 27. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is connected by circuit switching with the electrical power by alteration of the position of the sun-shade, by actuation of the flap and/or from outside the sunshade.
 28. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is a part at least of a pictogram, symbol, advertising sign, print image, etc., disposed on the sun-shade.
 29. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supply and/or triggering device is disposed in the sunshade and is connected by cables to the power source of the vehicle.
 30. Lighting device according to one or inure of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supply and/or triggering device is in the form of a semiconductor component and is disposed on the, lighting element and/or the carrier film.
 31. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is integrated in the form of a symbol, print image, e.g. an arrow in an external mirror.
 32. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed in the casing of an external mirror on a side of the glass having the mirror layer facing away from the user.
 33. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a deflecting layer is disposed between the mirror layer and the lighting element.
 34. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed on a rear surface and/or on a front surface.
 35. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that there is disposed in the rear surface of the external mirror a recess for the lighting elements which is preferably formed to flare at the front surface.
 36. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element projects over the front surface by a thickness of the film forming the lighting element.
 37. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supply and/or triggering device has an interval switch for triggering the lighting element.
 38. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element has a three-dimensional curved shape.
 39. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting clement is disposed in the area of door thresholds of entry apertures of the vehicle.
 40. Lighting device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lighting element is disposed in the gangway area of the vehicle as an emergency exit sign. 